Depression during pregnancy – how to cope with it?

Depression during pregnancy is an issue that many expectant mothers struggle with. It is estimated that about 10–20% of pregnant women are affected. This condition requires proper treatment, as its effects can be dangerous for the health of the woman and the developing fetus.

Depression during pregnancy is most often caused by the intense hormonal changes that occur in a woman’s body over the course of the 9 months. Other causes of the condition include fear of changes in life circumstances, a traumatic event, or lack of support from the partner. Women who have experienced mood disorders before pregnancy are at a higher risk of developing depression during pregnancy.

What are the symptoms of depression during pregnancy?

The symptoms of depression during pregnancy can vary. The condition is characterized not only by a depressed mood and tearfulness but also by:

• Sleep disturbances (insomnia or excessive tiredness)
• Feelings of exhaustion and fatigue
• Inability to feel pleasure or joy
• Abandonment of previous interests
• Negative thoughts
• Low self-esteem
• Difficulty making decisions
• Loss of appetite
• The need for isolation and avoidance of social contact
• Concentration difficulties
• Feelings of anxiety and restlessness

Symptoms also include somatic complaints, such as physical discomfort. The pregnant woman may complain of frequent headaches, stomach pains, back pain, or breast discomfort, which have no other apparent cause. It is also common for the expectant mother to neglect her appearance and personal hygiene.

A very significant symptom is also suicidal thoughts. The pregnant woman may view the future in bleak terms or openly admit that she no longer feels a desire to live. These signs should not be underestimated, as they can, in some cases, lead to suicide attempts.

Depression during pregnancy and its impact on the baby

Depression during pregnancy affects the baby and can contribute to a miscarriage, premature birth, or significant developmental disorders. The illness is also often associated with a disruption in the mother-child relationship. There is also an increased risk of the child developing depression later in life.

Depression during pregnancy leads to an increase in the cortisol level in the mother’s blood, and thus in the body of the developing fetus. This hormone contributes to disruptions in the development of the baby’s central nervous system and influences the development of its personality. It is also common for a woman with depression during pregnancy to neglect her own care, eat poorly, or turn to addictive substances. Such behaviors also contribute to developmental disorders in the fetus.

How to treat depression during pregnancy?

Treatment for depression during pregnancy can take several forms. These include:

• Individual therapy (psychotherapy)
• Joining a support group
• Antidepressants that are safe for pregnancy

Treatment should be carried out under the supervision of both a psychiatrist and an obstetrician. The type of therapy is selected in such a way that the risk of harm to the fetus is minimized.

How to cope with depression during pregnancy?

Depression during pregnancy requires professional help and the initiation of appropriate treatment. Without it, recovery is difficult. However, it is important to know how to cope with depression during pregnancy and what can be done on your own to feel better and support the therapy.

First, it is important to acknowledge the problem and talk to a close person about your well-being. It is also advisable to take care of yourself and focus on ensuring plenty of rest, sleep, relaxation, and pleasure. This could involve meeting friends, going for a walk, reading a favorite book, visiting a spa, or taking a trip into nature. Physical activity (appropriate for pregnant women) also works well, as exercise releases endorphins and serotonin, which is known as the “happiness hormone.”