Vaginal mycosis during pregnancy – symptoms, treatment, and risks

Vaginal mycosis during pregnancy is a very common intimate infection. It occurs when yeast fungi of the species Candida albicans multiply in the genital organs. This happens due to hormonal changes, but also as a result of improper hygiene practices. A vaginal mycosis during pregnancy requires immediate treatment.

An intimate infection during pregnancy should never be taken lightly. An expectant mother should always consult a gynecologist, who will carry out the necessary examinations and prescribe appropriate medication. It is also not advisable to self-medicate with over-the-counter remedies for vaginal mycosis during pregnancy.

What are the symptoms of a vaginal mycosis during pregnancy?

The symptoms of a vaginal mycosis during pregnancy are quite typical. At first, a woman may notice intense itching and burning in the genital area, as well as discharge—an unusual vaginal secretion. This discharge has an unpleasant odor (although it can also be odorless) and a thick, crumbly consistency. The color can be white, yellowish, or even greenish.

Some women may experience additional symptoms: redness and swelling of the labia, pain during intercourse, and a feeling of vaginal dryness. Some pregnant women also report discomfort during urination, such as a painful urge to urinate and a general feeling of discomfort while urinating.

Causes of vaginal mycosis during pregnancy

Vaginal mycosis during pregnancy is caused by hormonal changes that occur in a woman’s body after fertilization. An increase in certain hormones alters the vaginal pH level and leads to increased blood flow to the mucous membranes. These conditions disrupt the natural vaginal flora and promote the growth of yeast fungi of the Candida genus.

The risk of an intimate infection during pregnancy increases with:

• antibiotic treatment
• a weakened immune system
• sexual activity
• vaginal douching
• wearing underwear made of synthetic materials
• the use of inappropriate intimate hygiene products
• improper intimate hygiene

Improper intimate hygiene does not only refer to insufficient care but also to excessive washing with unsuitable products that disturb the natural balance of the vaginal flora and pH level, thereby weakening the body’s natural defenses.

Treatment of vaginal mycosis during pregnancy

A pregnant woman who notices symptoms of a vaginal mycosis should see a gynecologist immediately for the necessary examinations and to begin appropriate treatment. The specialist will prescribe antifungal medications that are safe for the unborn child. These medications are usually in the form of vaginal suppositories. It is also recommended to support the natural vaginal flora—e.g., by taking probiotics containing Lactobacillus strains.

Over-the-counter medications for vaginal mycosis during pregnancy are also available in pharmacies. However, these should never be used without prior consultation with a doctor, as they can sometimes do more harm than good.

Risks associated with vaginal mycosis during pregnancy

If left untreated, a vaginal mycosis during pregnancy can pose serious risks to the health of the unborn child. An intimate infection in pregnant women can lead to premature birth or miscarriage. During a natural birth, there is also a risk that pathogens will be transmitted from the mother to the newborn.

Prevention of vaginal mycosis during pregnancy

Recurring vaginal mycosis during pregnancy is a serious health concern. Therefore, prevention is especially important. One should:

• wear breathable cotton underwear
• avoid panty liners
• sleep without underwear
• maintain proper intimate hygiene
• use high-quality intimate wash gels
• take protective supplements during antibiotic treatments

Diet also plays an important role. It is recommended to avoid sugar and dairy products and instead focus on fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, and whole grains.